मन्तव्यहरू

 

मन्तव्यहरू

(५ मन्तव्य)

lbg]z kf}8]n

 

 

!= An'ldª dG6];/L :s'ndf lbPsf] jStJo @)*)

@= Hof]lt df=lj= df cleefjs lbj;df lbPsf] jStJo

#= ddtf dG6];/L, O6x/L–$ sf] cleefjs lbj;df lbPsf] dGtJo

$=  lzv/ Ps]8]dL :s'n af}sfdf lbPsf] jStJo @)*) cleefjs lbj;

%= Ho]i7 gful/ssf ;d:ofdfly lbPsf] dGtJo M Ho]i7 gful/s ;dfh O6x/L @)*)

 

 

 

!= ;fb/ cg'/f]w

-An'ldª dG6];/L :s'ndf lbPsf] jStJo @)*)_

–lbg]z kf}8]n

cfb/0fLo ;efkltHo", dfGoj/ k|d'v cltlyHo", ;DdfGo cltlyju{, cfhsf] o; sfo{qmdsf vf; ;/f]sf/jfnf lk|o cleefjs, kqsf/0f u0f, ;dfh;]jL, o; ljBfnosf lzIfs tyf sd{rf/L ju{, ljBfyL{ efOalxgLx¿, cfdlGqt tyf cfuGt's dxfg'efjx¿ Û

cfkm\gf 5f]/f5f]/Lsf] eljiosf] af/]df oxfFx¿ uDeL/ / lhDd]jf/ x'g'x'G5 . ToxL ePsfn] cfh oxfF pkl:yt x'g'ePsf] 5, ljBfnosf ultljlwdf rf;f] / ;/f]sf/ /flv/xg'ePsf] 5 . xfdL cleefjsx¿ ;GtfgnfO{ s;/L ;kmn agfpg] xf], c;n agfpg] xf] eGg] ljifodf /ftf]lbg lrGtg / ljrf/ ul//x]sf x'G5f}F . ljrf/ k'¥ofpg'kg{] c¿ klg s]xL s'/f 5g\ ls < d cfh cleefjsLo e"ldsfsf] ljifodf casf gf}–b; ldg]6 s]xL k|Zg ug{ / af]Ng rfxG5' . oxfFx¿ ;a} hgfn] Psl5g w}o{ / uDeL/ eP/ ;'Gg'x'g]5 .

c:6«]lnofdf cfdf ue{jtL ePsf] k'li6 x'gf;fy afa'cfdf b'j}n] PsxKt] cled'vLs/0f tflnd lng}k5{ . ;/sf/L ljefuaf6 pknAw u/fOg] To; tflnddf kf; x'g}k5{ . of] tflnd glnPdf ToxfF sfg'g ldr];/x bl08t x'g'k5{ . c¿ w]/} b]zdf cleefjsnfO{ tflnd / k|lzIf0fsf] kof{Kt Joj:yf ul/Psf] x'G5 . OG6/g]6df cg]s k':ts lgMz'Ns kfOG5g\, ;of}F 8s'd]G6/Lx¿, cWoog–cg';Gwfgsf pknlAwx¿ lgMz'Ns kfOG5g\ . ca xh'/x¿n] o'6\o'adf afnaflnsf x'sf{pg] ;Lk;DaGwL lel8of]x¿ vf]Hg'xf]nf . ca g]kfnLdf klg lgs} lel8of] ag]sf 5g\ ;Gtfg x'sf{pg] tl/sf l;sfpgsf nflu . vf]Hg'xf]nf .

xfdLsxfF ;/sf/L jf ;fdflhs cleofgsf] ¿kdf cleefjsLo lzIff / tflndsf] s'g} k|aGw 5}g . o:tf] tflnd cfjZos 5 eGg];Dd 1fg 5}g .

Pp6f k|Zg M xfd|f] afnsn] ;fgf]ltgf] s'/f dfu u/]/ /8fsf] u¥of] . xfdLn] p;sf] nuftf/sf] /8fsf] vKg'eGbf e}uf] lg t eg]/ p;sf] dfu k"/f ul/lbof}F . csf{]kN6 p;nfO{ csf{] s'g} s'/fsf] dfu ug{ dg nfUof],  ca p;n] s;f] unf{ < sltko 5f]/f5f]/Ln] Kn; 6' jf Aofrn/ k9\g yfn]kl5 afOs jf :s'6/ rflxof] eg]/ cfuf] afN5g\ . afOs glslGbg] eP em'G8]/ dl/lbG5' eg]/ wDsL lbG5g\ . lsg < oxfF cleefjsLo e"ldsfdf klg s]xL sdhf]/L eof] ls <

dfgf}F, cfh o; sfo{qmddf tkfO{Fsf gfgLn] k'/:sf/ yfKt} 5g\ t/ oxfFn] clu laxfg eGg'eof]– d]/f ;fem]bf/x¿n] cfh lkslgssf] cfof]hgf u/]sf 5g\, tfntn}ofdf, d ptf hfG5', t]/f] sfo{qmd x]g{ cfpg] dnfO{ km';{t 5}g . ca gfgLnfO{ s:tf] nfUnf < tkfO{Fsf] gfgLn] oxfF cfkm\gf] g[Tosnf k|:t't ug{] cj;/ kfPsf] 5, To; g[Todf ;a}sf] tfnL aH5, tL tfnLsf aLr gfgLn] s;sf] tfnL vf]lh/x]sL x'lG5g\ <

csf{]lt/, ;a}sf 5f]/f5f]/Ln] ;w}F d]8n kfpFb}gg\ . cfh klg oxfF sltsf gfgLafa'n] sf]l;; ubf{ klg d]8n kfpg ;s]sf 5}gg\ . t/ tkfO{Fn] :s'ndf cfOlbP/ pgLx¿sf] cfTdljZjf;df dnhn ug'{ePsf] 5 . pgLx¿nfO{ atfpg'ePsf] 5 M æx]/ 5f]/f, ltd|f] k9fO, cfr/0f / ljsf; d]/f] ;a}eGbf Hofbf ;/f]sf/sf] ljifo xf] . ltdLn] sf]l;; u/]sf 5f}, l9nf]rfF8f] ltdL ;kmn x'g]5f} . lrGtf gn]pm, d ltd|f] ;fydf 5' lg .Æ

xfdLn] ;'g]s} 5f}F, gf/fo0f uf]kfn /]l8of] g]kfnn] lng] :j/ k/LIff klxnf] k6s km]n ePsf lyP . xfdLn] :j/;d|f6\ eGg] u/]sf JolSt :j/ k/LIffd} klxnf] k6s km]n g} ePsf lyP eg]kl5 s] a'em\g] < d :j/k/LIffdf km]n ePF, d]/f] o; s'/fdf Ifdtf /x]g5 eg]/ ufpg sf]l;; gu/]sf] eP gf/fo0fuf]kfn :j/;d|f6\ x'g] lyP xf]nf t < sf]l;; ug{]n] g} xf] c;kmn x'g] . x/]s JolStn] c;kmntfaf6 l;Sg] xf] . gfgLx¿nfO{ c;kmntf em]Ng / ltgaf6 l;s]/ cl3 a9\g xf}:ofpg] xf] . ;Demf}F t, xfdLn] ;fOsn r9\g vf]Hbf sltk6s km]n vfof}F < c;kmntf gef]Ug] sf] x'G5 <

cfuf] tfKg' d"9fsf], s'/f ;'Gg" a"9fsf] . d}n] ;Gtfg x'sf{pg] ;DaGwdf s]xL cWoog u/]F, s]xL gofF k|of]u u/]F . d}n] k|of]u u/]sf ;kmn l;4 tl/sf / d}n] cWoog u/]sf ljZjel/sf s'zn cleefjsn] ug{] tl/sf tkfO{F gofF cleefjsnfO{ sfd nfUnfg\ ls eGg] nfu]/ oxfF tkfO{Fx¿sf cufl8 pleg cfPsf] x'F . 5f]/f5f]/LnfO{ lulglkunfO{ em}F k|of]u / cg';Gwfg ug{] xfdL;Fu ;'ljwf 5}g, lsg < lsgeg] sf/0fjz xfd|f] k|of]u km]n vfof] eg] t aaf{b x'G5 . ctM ljZjsf a8]a8] cg';Gwftf / lj1x¿n] nfdf] ;do;Ddsf] cg';Gwfg / k|of]uaf6 ;xL l;4 ul/;s]sf k|fdfl0fs tl/sf g} xfdL /f]hf}F . d}n] n]v]sf] k':tssf kGgfkGgfdf ljZjsf afndgf]ljb\, dfgj ljsf; j}1flgs, ;dfhzf:qL, dgf]j}1flgsx¿n] nfdf] cWoog / cg';Gwfgaf6 lgsfn]sf lgisif{x¿nfO{ ;/n efiffdf /fv]sf] 5' . o; k':tsdf lbPsf ;/n pkfox¿ d]/f dgu9Gt ts{ / ljrf/ xf]Ogg\ . logsf] k|of]u ug'{df s'g} vt/f 5}g .

ædnfO{ 5f]/f5f]/L s;/L x'sf{pg'k5{ eGg] dnfO{ yfxf 5, s;}n] l;sfpg'kb{}gÆ eG7fG5f}F sltko xfdL . d t kkm{]S6 5' lg, d t o; ;x/sf] ;a}eGbf dfof ug{] afa' x'F, cfdf x'F, ;ayf]s h'6fOlbPsf] 5' o;nfO{, h] dfU5 ToxL lslglbPsf] 5', ddf s'g} ;d:o} 5}g t/ of] 5f]/f] kf] gfnfos lg:Sof] eG5f}F xfdL . s'/f oxL xf], s'/f o:t} xf] <

xfdL lau|Fb} uPsL 5f]/LnfO{ ;Dem]/ ;fyLefOaLr uDeL/ 5nkmn u5f{}F M o;nfO{ s;/L dfG5] agfpg] xf]nf <

5f]/fsf s'/f ;'lg;s]kl5 eG5f}F M o;sf] dfu lbgsf lbg a9\b} 5g\ s;/L k"/f ug{] xf]nf <

x's{Fb} uPsf 5f]/f jf 5f]/Lsf] af/]df l6Kk0fL u5f{}F M of] df]afOndf dfq em'lG8G5, ;dodf ;'Tg klg ;'Tb}g, laxfg klg ;dodf p7\t}g, o;nfO{ s;/L ;'wfg{] xf]nf < of] clt lh2L 5, s;/L o;sf] afgL x6fpg] xf]nf <

sltnfO{ nfU5 efUodf 5 eg] p;n] kfOxfN5, jgsf] sfF8fnfO{ t ltvfg'{kb{}g, afv|fsf] kf7fnfO{ 8f]¥ofP/ lxF8fpg l;sfpg'kb{}g, s's'/n] 5fp/fnfO{ bfFt df]Ng l;sfpg'kb{}g, cfrL wf]Olbg'kb}{g, hf8fdf pmgL sk8f nfOlbg'kb{}g, ;To xf] . t/ xfdL t dflg; xf}F, dflg;sf] ;Gtfgsf nflu of] lgod nfu" x'Fb}g . csf]{ s'/f, efUodf 5 eGb}df 8f]sfdf b"w b'x] sxfF cl8G5 / <

aLkL, dft[sf / lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnf tLg efO 5f]/fx¿ hGdfpg] cfdfafa' s:tf lyP / oL tLg} efO o; b]zsf k|wfgdGqL ag] < s] v'afP afa'cfdfn] ltgnfO{ < efg'eSt cfrfo{, dxfslj b]jsf]6f / sljlz/f]dl0f n]vgfy s;/L ag] < s] vfg kfPsfn] /fh]z xdfn ag] < ljZjsf 7"nf7"nf j}1flgs, v]nf8L, lrqsf/, cleg]tf / g]tf s;/L ag] < lognfO{ cleefjsn] s:tf] jftfj/0f pknAw u/fP <

xfdL ;GtfgnfO{ ;kmn agfpgs} nflu /ftf]lbg d]xgt u5f{}F, b'Mv u5f{}F . cfsfz / kftfn hf]8\5f}F . laxfg lem;ld;]df lxF8]/ emdSs ePkl5 kms{G5f}F . xfdLn] oL ukm ub{} ePsf] ;dodf ;Gtfgsf] eljio vf]hL ug{sf nflu dn]l;of, vf8L d'n's / ef/tdf nfvf}F afa'x¿ xhf/f}F cfdfx¿ kl;gf r'xfO/x]sf 5g\ . 5f]/f5f]/LnfO{ ;kmn / ;Ifd agfpg xfdL ;Stf] sf]l;; ul//x]sf 5f}F . s] u/]df xfd|f ;Gtfg cem ;kmn xf]nfg\ < ;Gtfg x'sf{pg], pgLx¿nfO{ ;+:sf/ / ;Eotf l;sfpg] xfd|f] tl/sf 7Ls 5 <

kl/jf/sf ;b:o ;Fu} a;]/ vfgf vfg'sf] dxŒj s] 5 < lh2L, 8/kf]skgf jf nHhfn' afgL 5 eg] To;af6 aRrfnfO{ s;/L arfpg], aRrfsf] gfd / p;sf] ;kmntf–c;kmntfsf] ;fOgf] s] 5 < aRrfsf] gfd s:tf] /fVg] < 5f]/f5f]/LnfO{ ;+:sf/ / ;fdflhs Jojxf/ s;/L l;sfpg] < pgLx¿ eofgs dfgl;s ;d:ofdf k/]sf] s;/L yfxf kfpg] < To:tf] ;d:ofdf k/]sfnfO{ s;/L arfpg] < afnaRrfnfO{ df]afOn kmf]gsf] nt s;/L 5'6fpg] < ;Gtfgsf nflu 3/hUuf / c¿ ;DklQ hf]ufOlbg' slt h?/L 5 < ljBfno / cleefjssf] ;DaGw s:tf] agfof] eg] ;Gtfgsf] lxt xf]nf < :s'ndf cfP/  lk|lG;kn jf lzIfs;Fu emu8f ug{], pxfFx¿nfO{ ckdfg ug{]sf 5f]/f5f]/Ln] k9fO /fd|f] unf{g\ ls lzIfsnfO{ ;Ddfg ug{] JolStsf 5f]/f5f]/Ln] /fd|f] k9fO unf{g\ < lzIfs / ljBfnosf] af/]df 3/df gsf/fTds s'/f ug{]sf 5f]/f5f]/L ;sf/fTds s'/fsfgL ug{]sf 5f]/f5]f/L sf] v';L / ;'vL xf]nf :s'ndf < s:tf] Jojxf/ b]vfpg] cleefjssf 5f]/f5f]/Lsf] afgLa]xf]/f, :jefj c;n xf]nf < b]zdf lszf]/ cfTdxTofsf] b/ Psbd a9]sf]  5, o;sf] sf/0f s] xf] < s;/L xfd|f ;Gtfgsf] zf/Ll/s, dfgl;s, ;+j]ufTds, ;fdflhs, g}lts, ;f+:s[lts, wfld{s u'0fsf] ljsf; ug{] < tkfO{F ljBfnon] af]nfPsf] ;dodf, cleefjs lbj;df jf gfgLafa'n] d~rdf s'zntf b]vfpg] jf k'/:sf/ kfpg] ;dodf oxfF cfpg ;Dej ePg eg] s;f] ug{] < Sjfln6L 6fOd eg]sf] s] xf] < aRrf;Fu s;/L Sjfln6L 6fOd latfpg] <

tkfO{Fn] ljBfno jf lzIfs;Fu emu8f ug'{eof] eg] aRrfn] s] l;S5g\ < tkfO{Fn] :s'n / lzIfssf] k|z+;f ug'{eof] eg] logn] s] a'em\5g\ < tkfO{Fn] ufnL ug'{x'g] / x]Kg'x'g] lzIfs;Fu k9\g' / tkfO{Fn] ;Ddfg–cfb/ tyf k|z+;f ug'{x'g] lzIfs;Fu k9\g'df s] cGt/ 5 <

lk|o cleefjs, oL / o:t} ljifodf Ps jif{;Dd ulx/f] / Jofks cWoog u/]/ ljZjel/sf cg]s b]zsf cleefjsLo tflnd, cEof; / tl/sfsf] ;"Id ljZn]if0f u/L cfhsf] xfd|f] kl/j]zdf cfhsf cleefjssf nflu pko'St x'g] cleefjsLo lzNk cyf{t\ ;GtfgnfO{ 7Ls;Fu x'sf{pg] / ;kmn agfpg] ;Lk;DaGwL Jofjxfl/s k':ts n]v]sf] 5' d}n] . k':tssf] gfd xf] æs'zn cleefjs M ;kmn 5f]/f5f]/L .Æ

o; ;–;fgf] lstfadf xfd|f s'gs'g rng ;'wf/ ug{}kg{] 5g\, xfdL cleefjs s:tfs:tf 5f}F, ;GtfgnfO{ ;kmntfsf] dfu{df lxF8fpg] ;jf{]Qd tl/sf s]s] x'g\, g]kfn ;/sf/, o'lg;]km, ljleGg ;+:yf, wd{u'?, lzIffljb\, dgf]ljb\ /  c¿ lj1x¿sf ;'emfjx¿ s] 5g\, gfgLsf] :jf:Yodf xfdLn] s:tf] ;fjwfgL k'¥ofpg ;S5f}F, pgLx¿sf] ;fdflhsLs/0f / rl/qlgdf{0fdf s] ug'{kg{] xf]nf, 5f]/f5f]/L / afa'cfdfaLr ulx/f] ;DaGw, lg/Gt/ ;+jfb / cyfx k|]d s;/L sfod /fVg] xf]nf, cflb ljifodf ljZjsf k|sf08 ljåfg\, ljz]if1 cg';Gwftfsf lgisif{ / ;'emfjx¿ o; k':tsdf ;/n efiffdf ;"qa4 u/L lbOPsf] 5 . of] pkb]zsf] 7]nL xf]Og, Jofjxfl/s / ;lhnf pkfo b]vfpg] ;fgf] k':ts xf] .

xh'/x¿ 3/ kms{Fbf sDtLdf klg PsPs yfg of] k':ts oxfFaf6 lsg]/ nUg'xf]nf . k9\g'xf]nf . k6sk6s k9\g'xf]nf . d t eG5', b'O{rf/ k|lt nUg'xf];\, Pp6f k':ts l5d]sLnfO{ pkxf/ lbg'xf];\, st} ljjfx sfo{qmddf lgDtf dfGg hfFbf a]x'nfa]x'nLnfO{ sf];]nL nlulbg'eP klg x'G5 . ;'Ts]/L cfdf e]6\g hfFbf Pp6f lstfa pkxf/ nlulbg'eP klg x'G5 . of] k':ts k9]/ pxfFx¿n] klg ;Gtfg x'sf{pg] ;jf{]Qd tl/sf l;Sg'x'g]5 . of]eGbf ultnf] pkxf/ s] x'g ;S5 / < of] k':ts efG;fdf, a}7s sf]7fdf jf a]8?ddf  hyfefjL /xf];\ tf ls xh'/x¿n] EofPsf] ;dodf k9\g'x'g]5 .

dnfO{ yfxf 5, cfhsf w]/} cleefjs lstfa k9\g'nfO{ a]sf/sf] sfd eG5g\, d}n] kl9;s]F eG5g\ . k9\g] sfd s]6fs]6Lsf] xf], k9\g] sfd hfFr kf; ug{sf nflu xf] eG7fG5g\ . ;To o;f] xf]Og . tkfO{Fn] k9\g'x'Gg eg] tkfO{Fsf ;GtfgnfO{ klg k9\g'sf] kmfObf / dxŒj a'emfpg slxNo} ;Sg'x'Gg . k9\g'xf];\ . k9\g'sf] ljsNk km];a's, OG:6fu|fd / l6s6s xf]Ogg\ . ltgdf lbPsf] ;don] tkfO{FnfO{ ;Gtfgaf6 6f9f k'¥ofpg]5 . tkfO{F o; /f]uaf6 d'St x'g'xf];\ .

lk|o cleefjs, oxfFx¿ ;a}hgfn] of] k':ts k9]/ o;df ;'emfOPsf tl/sfdWo] b'O{rf/ dfq ;"q cfkm\gf] Jojxf/df nfu" ul/x]g'{eof] eg] oL xfd|f ;Gtlt yk c;n aGg]5g\, cem ;kmn aGg]5g\ eGg] s'/fdf d Psbd ljZj:t 5' . xfd|f gfgLx¿ ld;fOn x'g\ . Ps l8u|L ldnfpg ;Sof}F eg] ltgn] nIo bfUg]5g\, xfdLn] clnslt nfkaf{xL u¥of}F jf a]n}df 7Ls;Fu ;f]em\ofpg hfg]gf}F eg] ltgLx¿ nIodf k'Ug ;Sg]5}gg\ . adsf] sfd jf Ifdtf k8\sg] xf] t/ Tof] ad sxfF, slxn] / s;/L k8\sfpg] xf] Tof] xfdLn] hfGg'kg{] x'G5 .

of] k':ts xh'/sf] xftdf b]v] eg] gfgLx¿n] s] ;f]Rnfg\ < lstfasf] gfd} b]Vgf;fy logn] ;f]Rg]5g\– æd]/f cfdfa'af d]/f] eljio ;kmn agfpg ;s];Dd sf]l;; ul//xg'ePsf] 5 . d]/f] pGglt / k|ult, d]/f] ;kmntf g} pxfFx¿sf] d'Vo ;kgf xf] . olt w]/} dfof / ljZjf; ug{] afa'cfdf d}n] kfPsf] 5', d efUodfgL /x]5' . d}n] sf]l;; u/]/ ;kmn aGg'k5{ . pxfFx¿n] olt sf]l;; ubf{ klg d}n] k|ult ug{ vf]lhgF eg] kl5 dnfO{ 7"nf] kl5tf] x'g]5 .Æ gfgLafa' clns 7"nf 5g\ eg] pgLx¿n] klg 5'6\6Lsf] ;dodf of] k':ts k9"g\ . pgLx¿ klg s'/f a'em\5g\ .

o; sfo{qmdsf cfof]hs ju{n] dnfO{ olt eGg] cg'dlt lbg'eof] . oxfFx¿n] d]/f s'/f Wofg lbP/ ;'lglbg'eof] . xflb{s wGojfb .

)))

 

@= Hof]lt df=lj= df cleefjs lbj;df lbPsf] jStJo

 

cleefjs u0f

gd:sf/ .

cfh d oxfFx¿nfO{ ;j{k|yd awfO{ eGb5' . cfkm\gf ;Gtfgsf] pGglt / ;kmntfsf] ljifodf cfkm"n] s]s] ug{ ;lsG5 eGg] ljifodf oxfFx¿ uDeL/ x'g'x'G5 . To;} ePsfn] oxfFx¿ cfh oxfF pkl:yt eO{ ljBfno k|zf;g, lzIfsu0f / cGo cleefjs;Fu cGtlqm{of ug{ cfpg'ePsf] 5 . oxfFx¿n] cfkm\gf gfgLx¿ ljBfnodf s]–s;f] ub{} 5g\, ljBfyL{sf] l;sfOk|lqmofdf ljBfno s]s] gofF of]hgf lnP/ cfPsf] 5 / cfkm"n] To;df s;/L ;xof]u k'¥ofpg ;lsG5 To;dfly ljdz{ ug{ oxfFx¿n] cfhsf] k"/f lbg ljBfnonfO{ lbg'ePsf] 5 .

olta]nf o; ljBfnosf s}of}F ljBfyL{sf cleefjsx¿ 5f]/f5f]/Lsf] pHHjn eljio lgdf{0f ug{sf nflu ;fpbL c/a, dn]l;of, stf/ cflb b]zdf kl;gf axfO/xg'ePsf] 5 . 5f]/f5f]/Lsf] cg'xf/df pHofnf] Nofpg, hLjgdf /ª eg{ clg pgLx¿sf] ;kmn hLjgsf] af6f] agfpg pxfFx¿ Tolt 6f9fsf b]z k'Ug'ePsf] 5 . of] 7"nf] sfd xf] .

t/ oltn] k'Ubf] /x]g5 . 3/df x'ls{/x]sf 5f]/f5f]/Lsf] ;fyL;ª\ut s:tf] 5, pgLx¿sf] vfgkfg, af]nLJojxf/ / rl/q s:tf] aGb} uO/x]sf] 5, Tolt 6f9faf6 vf;} x]/ljrf/ k'Ub}g . 3/df ePsL cfdfnfO{ g6]g{], wDSofpg], a/flng] jf s';ª\utdf k/]/ hLjg g} cFWof/f]  vf8ndf ws]Ng] afnaflnsf xfdLsxfF 5g\ . sxfF e"n eof] t < xfdL 5f]/f5f]/L x'sf{pg] ;DaGwdf ;f/f b'Mv em]Ng tof/ 5f}F, cfsfz–wtL{ Ps ug{ tof/ 5f}F, ;a} si6 Aoxf]g{ tof/ 5f}F . logLx?s} nflu cfkm\gf ;a} ;'v / ;Defjgf Tofu]sf 5f}F . t/ logLx¿ cfh h]h;/L k9fOn]vfO, cg'zf;g / rl/q b]vfO/x]sf 5g\, 7Ls} nfU5 <

xfdL 7fG5f}F, xfd|f kfnfdf o:tf] b'Mv lyof], oLoL sf/0fn] d}n] k9\g kfOgF, d]/f 5f]/f5f]/Ln] To:tf] si6k"0f{ afNosfn latfpg' gk/f];\ . xfdLn] ef]u]sf cefj / b'Mvx¿ sd;] sd logn] em]Ng gk/f];\ . To;}n] d}n] logn] h] rflxof] Tof] lslglbPsf] 5' . h] dfU5g\ k'¥ofOlbPsf] 5' . ca eljio agfpg] sfd logsf] xf] . d}n] cleefjsLo e"ldsf 7Ls;Fu k"/f u/]sf] 5', kl5 logLx¿n] hLjgdf b'Mv kfP eg] xfdLnfO{ s]xL geg"g\ .

xfdLdWo] slt 7fG5f}F, d t kkm{]S6 afa' x'F lg, d t ;a}eGbf dfofn' cfdf x'F lg, d}n] hlQsf] s]6fs]6Lsf] ;x\of/ s;n] ug{ ;S5 < d}n] hlQsf] logsf nflu cfsfz / kftfn s;n] hf]8]sf] 5 < ca s] rflxof] <

:s'nnfO{ eGg'

xfdLn] 5f]/f5f]/L ;dod} :s'ndf k7fO/fv]sf 5f}F, ltgnfO{ 7Ls;Fu k9fOlbgf];\, xfdLnfO{ oxfF af]nfP/ n]Sr/ lbg] x}g .

t/ d]/f] ;'emfj, tkfO{F k9\g'x'Gg eg] tkfO{Fsf] 5f]/fn] k9\g' slt cfgGbbfos, hLjgf]kof]uL / sfdnfUbf] s'/f xf] a'em\b}g . gofF k':ts NofPkl5 ;a}eGbf klxn] tkfO{Fn] k9\gf];\ . tkfO{Fn] lstfasf kGgfkGgf kN6fpgf];\ . k|]dk"j{s lstfa 5f]Olbg'xf];\ . aNn tkfO{Fsf 5f]/f5f]/Ln] k9\g]5g\ . tkfO{Fsf xftdf k':ts b]v] eg] aNn 5f]/f5f]/Ln] xftdf k':ts kqmg]5g\ . s'/f ;f]emf] 5 .

v]tLkftL, Jofkf/, clkm; jf cGo sfdsf] af]emn] sfFw g} nRsg] u/L lylrPsf] a]nf 5, s]6fs]6Lsf nflu ;do lgsfNg s;/L ;lsG5 / < d}n] kf7 k9fpg] xf]Og, :s'nn] k9fPs} 5, d]/f] s] sfd gelglbg'xf]nf . gfgLx¿ k9\b} 5g\ ls 5}gg\, pgLx¿nfO{ k9fO ;xh / dL7f] 5 ls 5}g, jf:tf ul/lbg'xf]nf, pgLx¿;Fu s'/fsfgL ul/lbg'xf]nf . lk|o cleefjs Û xfdL cfkm}Fn] xfd|f afnaflnsfsf] ljsf;, rl/q, ;kmntfsf] af/]df a]n}df ljrf/ljdz{ u/]gf}F, cg'ejx¿ cfbfgk|bfg u/]gf}F eg] s;n] u5{ /, xf]Og t <

5f]/f5f]/Lsf nflu ;do lbg'

d eG5' tkfO{F 5f]/f5f]/Lsf nflu k|]h]G6 xf]Og k|]h]G; lbg'xf];\ . 3/df k9fO ub{} 5g\ ls 5}gg\, pgLx?sf] k9fOdf ;fy lbg'xf];\ .

cyf{t\ pgLx¿nfO{ dxFuf pkxf/ lbg] xf]Og, ;do lbg'xf];\ . gofF lstfa lsg]sf] lbg M sljtf k9\g'xf];\, syf k9\g'xf];\ . ;fy} a;]/ .

lkslgs, e|d0f ug'{xf];\ .

:s'n;Fusf] ;DaGw

tkfO{Fx¿ cfh ljBfno cfpg' eg]sf] 5f]/f5f]/Lsf nflu ;do lbg'ePsf] xf] . pgLx¿ :s'ndf v]ns'bdf efu lnFbf, gfrufgdf efu lnFbf jf xflh/L hafkmdf le8\bf oxfFx¿nfO{ :s'nn] lgDtf u/]sf] avt cfOlbg'xf];\ . pgLx¿n] k'/:sf/ yfKg nfu]s]f a]nf s;sf cfFvf / tfnL vf]Hb} x'G5g\ 5f]/f5f]/L < pgLx¿ c;kmn x'Fbf pgLx¿n] s;af6 cf8e/f];fsf] ck]Iff u/]sf x'G5g\ <

:s'n jf lzIfs;Fu tkfO{Fsf] lrgf/L 5 < kmf]g gDa/ 5 <

sltv]/ kmf]g ug{] < d}n] ;}FtL; jif{ :s'ndf k9fPF . cleefjsx?sf xftdf kmf]g cfPkl5 a]n'sf cf7 ah] kmf]g ug'{xf]nf eGy]F  d . w]/} cleefjs dnfO{ kmf]g ug'{x'GYof], sltko t xKtfb; lbgdf ug'{x'GYof] .

tkfO{Fsf 5f]/f5f]/LnfO{ k9fpg] lzIfsx?nfO{ lrGg'x'G5 ls lrGg'x'Gg < lrGg'sf] cy{ s] 5 <

5f]/f5f]/Lsf] k9fO, ;fyL;ª\ut, v]ns'b / cltl/St lqmofsnfkdf ?lrk"j{s Wofg lbg] cleefjssf ;Gtfgn] tL If]qdf a9L pGglt ub{5g\ eGg] :ki6 x'G5 .

c;kmntfdf ;fy

gf/fo0fuf]kfn /]l8of] g]kfnn] lng] :j/ k/LIffdf klxnf]k6s c;kmn ePsf lyP . cfh o; b]zn] :j/;d|f6\ eg]/ ;Ddfg / dfof ug{] tL ufos klxnf] k6s :j/ k/LIffdf km]n x'g k'u]sf lyP . æcf, d t km]n kf] ePF, of] d lxF8\g] af6f] xf]Og /x]5 Æ eG7fg]/ k'gM sf]l;; gu/]sf] eP cfh gf/fo0fuf]kfn :j/;d|f6\n] ;Ddflgt x'g] lyP < c;kmntf em]Ng l;sfpg'xf];\, cefj / si6 em]Ng ;3fpg'xf];\ . d 5' lg eGg'xf];\ . c;kmntfdf pm;Fu ;fydf /xg'xf];\ .

cleefjsLo e"ldsf ablnof]

xh'/afsf] syf . tfKn]h'ªaf6 sf7df8f}Fsf] ofqf . hLjg ofqf g} xf]  . tof/Lsf] h?/L 5 .

cleefjsTjsf] d'2f l;ª\uf] dfgj Oltxf;df slxNo} cfhsf em}F hl6n ag]sf] lyPg . cfh xfd|f kl/jf/ ;fgf 5g\ . ;~rf/;'ljwf cTofw'lgs 5g\ / xfdLnfO{ logn] ;+;f/;Fu hf]8]sf 5g\ . ;fdflhs ;~hfn emg\eGbf emg\ lghL hLjgdf x:tIf]k a9fO/x]sf] 5 . kf/kfr's] a9], ;xh} klt cyjf kTgL abNb} 5g\, lax] gu/Lsg of}g lqmofsnfk ug{]x? w]/} 5g\ . >Ldfg\–>LdtLaLrsf] ;DaGw v's'nf] / c:yfoL ePsf] 5  . w]/} l9nf] -slxn]sfxLF t k}FtL;–rfnL; jif{ pd]/ s6]kl5 dfq_ klxnf] kN6 afa'–cfdf aGg] cj:yf cfPsf] 5 . w]/} afa' cfdf Psn 5g\ . j}b]lzs /f]huf/Lsf sf/0f 5f]/f5f]/Lsf] k|ToIf x]/rfx / lgu/fgL 36]sf] 5 . wd{k'q–k'qL kfNg];DaGwL sfg'g Psbd hl6n ag]sf 5g\ . ;f+:s[lts :vng eO/x]sf] 5  . k/fof ;+:s[ltaf6 ;Gtfgsf] /Iff ug{ sl7g x'g yfn]sf] 5 . klxrfgsf] lzIffsf] ckl/xfo{tf b]lvFb} 5 . oL ;a kl/l:yltsf sf/0f cleefjsTjsf] lxhf]sf] kl/efiff, e"ldsf, cfjZostf / lhDd]jf/L ca ckof{Kt 5 . cfhsf cleefjsn] of]hgfa4 / ;r]t 9ª\udf cfkm\gf] cleefjsLo wd{ kfng ug{ ;s]gf}F eg] ;GtfgnfO{ o; k|lt:kwL{ b'lgofFdf l6Sg ufx|f] kg{]5 .

 

cleefjsLo tflnd

s'/f ;'Gg' a"9fsf] cfuf] tfKg' d"9fsf], of] egfO TolQs} elgPsf] xf]Og . ;Gtfg x'sf{pg] ljifodf cg'ejL cleefjssf s'/f ;'Gg' sfdnfUbf] x'G5 eG7fG5' d . x]gf{];\ g, Pp6f lzIfs aGg'cl3 lzIfsn] :s'n hLjgdf / SofDk; k9\bf slt w]/} lzIfsaf6 k9\g kfPsf x'G5g\ . sf]xL klg lzIfs krf;f}F lzIfsaf6 gk9L oxfF;Dd cfOk'Ub}g . Toltsf lzIfsn] k9fPsf] x]/]/, cfkm"nfO{ k9fpg] lzIfsx¿dWo] pQd lzIfsx¿n] k|of]u ug{] tl/sfaf6} k9fP eOuf] lg, lsg Toltsf tflnd, cEof; lzIf0f cflb ug'{k/]sf] . tLgrf/ a;{] aLP8 k9]/ kf; ePkl5, cg]s k/LIff kf/ u/]kl5 lzIfs aGg kfOG5, t/ oxfF k9fpg yfn]kl5 klg k'gMk'gM k'gtf{huL tflnd lng'k5{ . xf] ls xf]Og t <

t/ cleefjsnfO{ To:tf] tflndsf] Joj:yf 5 < afnaRrfsf] eljio t cleefjsdf cem a9L e/ k5{ lg, xf]Og / < xfdLsxfF cleefjsLo tflndsf] s'g} k|aGw 5}g . t/ o:tf] tflnd cfjZos g} 5}g cyjf o:tf] tflnd ;Dej g} 5}g eG7fG5f}F xfdL, of] cem 8/nfUbf] ;d:of xf] .

xfdLnfO{ s;}n] 5f]/f5f]/LnfO{ dfof ug{ l;sfpFb}gg\, l;sfpg'kb{}g . of] t k|fs[lts ¿kn] g} eO/fv]sf] x'G5 . cfkm"nfO{ hGd lbg] cfdfafa'nfO{ a]jf:tf jf v/fa Jojxf/ ug{]x¿n] ;d]t cfkm\gf 5f]/f5f]/LnfO{ /fd|f] ;x\of/–;';f/ / dfof ul//x]sf b]lvG5g\ .  ‘pFlw dfof‘ eGg] pvfg} 5 . ;Gtfgk|ltsf] oxL g};lu{s k|]dn] xfdLnfO{ ;Gtfgsf] pGglt / ;kmntfsf nflu dl/d]6\g nufpF5 . t/ oxL dfofn] sltko cj:yfdf 5f]/f5f]/LnfO{ lauf5{ klg .

cleefjs slt zlStzfnL

xfdLnfO{ yfxf 5, afnaflnsfsf] hLjgdf xfdL cleefjs ;a}eGbf dxŒjk"0f{ / zlStzfnL JolSt xf}F . ;Gtfg s] aGg], s:tf] x'g] ;a} cleefjsdf e/ kb{5 . pbfx/0fsf nflu xfdL g]kfnL afa'cfdfn] g]kfn /fHon] pknAw u/fPsf] ;fj{hlgs lzIff dg gk/fpg / c:jLsf/ ug{ ;S5f}F . ;Sg]n] o; b]zsf] lzIff glbnfP/ cs{} b]zsf] lzIff /f]Hg klg ;S5f}F . ;GtfgnfO{ ;fd'bflos ljBfno, ;+:yfut ljBfno, u'?s'n, j]bljBf>d, ;+:s[t ljBfno jf db/;fdf k7fpg ;S5f}F . cyjf sxLF gk9fP/ cfkm}F k9fpF5' eGg klg ;lsG5 . 5f]/f5f]/LnfO{ gk9fpFbf klg s;n] s] ug{ ;S5 / <

olt zlStzfnL cleefjsn] rflxF ;Gtfg x'sf{pg] k9fpg] a9fpg] ljifodf 7Ls lg0f{o ug{ ;s]sf x'G5f}F <

 

cleefjssf e|d

5f]/f5f]/L s;/L x'sf{pg'k5{ eGg] dnfO{ yfxf 5 . s;}n] l;sfpg'kb{}g .

 

efUodf hlt lnP/ cfPsf] 5 p;n] Tolt kfOxfN5, of] ;a 56k6L lsg <

of] e|d Psbd 3fts 5 . ;Gtfgn] cfkm\gf] nnf6df hlt lnP/ cfPsf] 5 Tolt g} kfpg] xf] eGg] l;4fGtn] dflg;n] ug{] k|oTg jf sf]l;;sf] dxŒjnfO{ gsfb{5 .

gLltZnf]s eGb5 M

pBd]g lx l;4ØlGt sfof{l0f g dgf]/y}M .

g lx ;'Kt:o l;+x:o k|ljzlGt d'v] d[ufM ..

cyf{t\ h'g;'s} sfo{ klg kl/>daf6 dfq l;4 x'G5, OR5f u/]/ dfq x'Fb}g . l;+x ;'lt/xG5 eg] p;n] hlt;'s} rfx] klg d[ux¿ cfP/ To;sf] d'vdf cfkm}F kl;lbFb}gg\ . o; gLltZnf]sn] :ki6 kf/]sf] 5– ;kmntfsf nflu ;f]rfO, rfxgf, OR5f jf efUo kof{Kt x'Fb}g . o;f] ePsfn] o:tf s'/fdf e/ kg{'x'Fb}g, kl/>d gu/L kmn kfOFb}g .

efUodf 5 eGb}df 8f]sfdf b'x]df b"w cl8Fb}g eGg] g]kfnL pvfg oxfF ;Demg' pko'St x'G5 .

cem c¿ sltnfO{ nfU5– jgsf] sfF8fnfO{ s;}n] ltvfg'{kb{}g . x'g] la?jfsf] lrNnf] kft .

cyf{t\ pgLx¿ ljZjf; u5{g\, cfkm\gf] gfgLnfO{ s;}n] s]xL l;sfpg'kb{}g, pm s:tf] x'g] xf] k|s[ltn] g} p;nfO{ agfpg]5 . of] klg efUojfbL ts{ xf] . o:tf efUojfbL l;4fGtn] d]xgt, sf]l;;, cWoog / kl/>dsf] cjd"Nog u5{ .

s's'/sf 5fp/fsf] cfrL wf]Olbg'kb}{g, la/fnfn] 5fp/fnfO{ bfFt df]Ng l;sfpFb}g, afv|fsf kf7f hGdgf;fy a'?sa'?s pk|mg yfN5g\ . dfG5]sf] xsdf To:tf] x'Fb}g .

sf]xLsf]xL 7fG5g\–eujfg\n] vlglbPsf] vfN6f] s;/L eg'{k5{ pg}n] hfGb5g\ .

cyf{t\ hGdg' lyof] / oL hGd], o;df d]/f] s'g} e"ldsf lyPg . ca x'sf{pg] sfddf klg d]/f] s'g} e"ldsf jf lhDd]jf/L 5}g . O{Zj/sf] OR5fcg';f/ of] ;ayf]s eO/x]sf] 5, pg}n] ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfg lgsfNg]5g\ . of] b[li6sf]0f pQ/bfloTjxLgtfafx]s s]xL xf]Og . o:tf] ;f]r /fVg] cleefjssf ;GtfgnfO{ cl3 a9\g d'l:sn k5{ .

k|l;4 8]lg;–la|l6; lrqsf/, cleg]qL, ;ª\uLt1 Pjd\ k|lzIfs n'O{ xf6{ (Louise Hart) elG5g\– ætkfO{“nfO{ cfkm\gf dftflktfn] s]–s:tf] Jojxf/ ul/lbg'ePsf] eP a]; x'g] lyof] eGg] nfU5, Tof] Jojxf/ tkfO{“ cfh cfkm\gf ;Gtfgk|lt ug'{xf];\ .Æ

xfdL ;a}n] afNosfn ef]u]/ cfPsf xf}F . s;}sf] afNosfn ;'vL lyof] xf]nf, s;}sf] 7Ls7Ls} eGg nfos lyof] xf]nf / s;}sf] sxfnLnfUbf] jf bb{gfs klg eof] xf]nf . xfdL xfd|f afnaflnsfn] s:tf] afNosfn ef]u]sf] b]Vg rfxG5f}F <

n'O{ xf6{n] eg]em}F s'zn cleefjsTj;DaGwL ;a}eGbf dxŒjk"0f{ dGq xf] M cfkm\gf] afNosfndf tkfO{“n] dftflktfaf6 kfPsf] Gofgf] / ;'Gb/ Jojxf/ cfkm\gf ;Gtfgn] klg ef]Ug kfpmg\ . clg tkfO{“n] s]6fs]6L pd]/df ef]Ug'ePsf] kL8fbfoL, gsf/fTds / lg/fzfhgs Jojxf/ tkfO{“sf ;Gtfgn] ef]Ug gk/f];\ . tkfO{“sf ;Gtfgsf ;fyLx¿n] ef]u]sf] gdL7f] cg'ej logn] rflxF ef]Ug' gk/f];\, sDtLdf klg cfkm" To; kL8fbfoL jf gdL7f] cg'ej lbg] JolSt geOlbg'xf];\ . eGgsf nflu of] w]/} ;lhnf] ;"q xf], t/ ug{sf nflu plQs} c;lhnf] klg xf] . xfdLdWo] slt hgf oltsf sfd ug{ ;S5f}F <

 

sltko cleefjs o:tf] eG7fG5g\– æclxn] ;fg} 5, s'/f a'em\g] a]n} ePsf] 5}g . 7"nf] x'Fb} uPkl5 cfkm}F a'em\nf .Æ

7"nf] x'Fb} uPkl5 cfkm}F a'em\b}g . xfdLn] a]n}b]lv a'emfpg'k5{ . rl/q lgdf{0f ug{ nfdf] ;do nfU5 . nfdf] ;do;Dd lg/Gt/ cEof; rflxG5 . hLjg–ef]ufOdf afNosfn ;a}eGbf dxŒjk"0f{ ;do xf] . o; ;dodf rl/q ag]g eg] slxNo} aGb}g . h;/L afNosfndf r'/f]6 vfg l;s]sf] dflg;n] hLjgdf Tof] TofUg ;Sg] ;Defjgf sd x'G5 To:t} xf] c¿ rfl/lqs Jojxf/ klg .

u'0ffTds ;do latfpg' eg]sf] s] xf] <

xfdL;Fu jif{el/df %@ zlgjf/ 5g\ . tkfO{“n] 5f]/f5f]/L;Fu slt zlgjf/ latfpg'eof] < pgLx¿;Fu latfpFbf s] ug'{eof] < pgLx¿;Fu slt ;do v]Ng'eof] < pgLx¿n] rfv dfGg] s'/f slt ug'{eof] <

5f]/f5f]/LnfO{ cufl8 /fv]/ xf]djs{ u/fpg', xf]djs{sf af/]df ;f]Wg', hfFrsf] tof/L s:tf] 5 eg]/ hfgsf/L dfUg' Sjfln6L ;do latfPsf] xf]Og . u'0ffTds ;do eGgfn] tkfO{“n] w}/} d]xgt u/]/ tof/ kf/]sf] Psbd ;'Gb/ ctL{pkb]z lbg] ;do xf]Og . u'0ffTds cyf{t\ Sjfln6L ;do eg]sf] pgLx¿sf] rfvcg';f/ pgLx¿em}F eP/ /dfpg', v]Ng' xf] . pgLx¿sf] rfxgf 5 eg] glhs}sf] dd k;n of rfpldg k;ndf a;]/ pgLx¿;Fu} vfg' xf] . k"/f ;do / Wofg pgLx¿n] dfq kfpg' xf] . pgLx¿ s'g} lkmNd x]g{ rfxG5g\ eg] ;Fu} x]g{] xf], n'8f] v]Ng rfxG5g\ eg] Tof] klg v]Ng] xf], n'sfdf/L v]Ng rfxG5g\ eg] To;f] klg ug{] xf] . sxLF ;fOsndf jf df]6/;fOsndf hfFbf /dfpF5g\ eg] Tof] klg ug{] xf] . u'0ffTds ;do eg]sf] aRrf;Fu aRr} ag]/ /dfpg] xf] .

xfdLn] lbgdf aL;–kRrL; ldg]6dfq u'0ffTds ;do lbof}F eg] klg aRrfsf nflu kof{Kt x'G5 . hlxn] EofOG5, hlxn] ;Dej x'G5, ldnfP/ lbg] xf] . laxfg, a]n'sf, /flt hltv]/ klg ;do lbg ;lsG5 t/ e/;s lbgx'F lbg'k5{ . lbgx'F ;do lbg Jofjxfl/s x'Fb}g eg] klg xKtfdf tLg 306frflxF lbg}k5{ . hDdf ljrf/ ug'{kg]{ s'/f s] 5 eg] o; ;dodf aRrf / xfdLaLr s'g} vf8n /xg'x'Fb}g, s'g} eo jf cf}krfl/stf /xg'x'Fb}g . v'nf lbnn] p;n] eGg ;sf];\, cfkm"n] klg eGg / ;'Gg ;lsof];\, olQ xf] . u'0ffTds ;do eg]sf] tkfO{“sf] To:tf] pkl:ylt xf] h;df pm /dfpF5, v';L x'G5, clns w]/}a]/ a:g kfP x'GYof] eG7fG5 . o;f] ug{ tkfO{“nfO{ s'g} tflnd of l8u|L cfjZos kb{}g, clnslt ljrf/ k'¥ofP k'U5 .

h;/L xfd|f] vfg] 6fOd, ;'Tg] 6fOd / sfd ug{] 6fOd lglZrt x'G5, 5f]/f5f]/LnfO{ lbg] u'0ffTds 6fOd klg lglZrt ug{ ;s] a]; x'G5 . ha xfdL ;GtfgnfO{ Sjfln6L 6fOd lbO/x]sf x'G5f}F, o;af6 xfdLnfO{ w]/} kmfObf eO/x]sf] x'G5 . xfd|f] tgfj 36\5 .

tkfO{F gfgLx?nfO{ lnP/ kfs{, lkslgs sltk6s hfg'ePsf] 5 <

 

aRrfsf nflu slt ;DklQ sdfOlbg] <

;Gtfg u'0fjfg\ / ;Ifd eP eg] tkfO{“n] Ps ?lkofF klg ;~ro ul/lbg'kg{] 5}g . pgLx¿nfO{ tkfO{“sf] ;DklQ geP klg km/s kb}{g . ;Gtfg b'Jo{;gL, kmh'nvrL{ / cof]Uo eP eg] hlt g} ;DklQ eP klg Ps} ufF;df l;Wofpg]5g\ . tkfO{“n] ltgnfO{ ;DklQ sdfP/ hf]ufOlbPsf] a]sf/ x'G5 . ctM aRrfsf nflu wg;DklQ gsdfOlbg'xf];\, pgLx¿sf nflu nufgL gul/lbg'xf];\ . aRrfdfly rflxF nufgL ug'{xf];\ . pgLx¿sf] k9fO, tflnd, cg'ejdfly nufgL ug'{xf];\ . pgLx¿nfO{ g}ltstf, wd{, ;+:sf/, ;bfrf/, ldtJolotf, bof, s?0ff, k|]d, kl/>d, OdfGbfl/tfh:tf ;sf/fTds u'0f / cfbt el/lbg'xf];\ . olt ePdf pgLx¿ hLjgdf ;xh} ;kmn x'g]5g\ . pgLx¿nfO{ ;'vL hLjg afFRg tkfO{“sf] rf/cfgf k};f rflxFb}g .

r/fx¿n] afa'cfdfn] agfOlbPsf] u'F8df cG8f kf/]sf] b]Vg'ePsf] 5 <

 

aRrfnfO{ s] v'jfpg'x'G5 <

aRrfnfO{ df]afOndf em'lG8g lbgfn] s]s] gf]S;fgL 5 <

aRrfnfO{ df]afOnaf6 arfpg s;f] ug'{knf{ <

laxfg a]n'sf k"hf ehg, zlgjf/ wfld{s ;+:yfx?sf sfo{qmd, ;dfh;]jf, jfO{8L;L, o'y km/ An8, ;ª\uLt sIff, gf6s, ;flxlTos ultljlw, uf]i7L, 6f]nljsf; ultljlw, v]ns'b, of]uJofofd .

;Gtfgsf] gfd s:tf] /fVg] <

;fdflhs u'0f s;/L l;sfpg] <

cfTdljZjf;, b[9k|lt1, d]xgtL, OdfGbf/ s;/L agfpg] <

 

#= ddtf dG6];/L, O6x/L–$ sf] cleefjs lbj;df lbPsf] dGtJo

;fb/ cg'/f]w

–lbg]z kf}8]n

cfb/0fLo ;efkltHo", dfGoj/ k|d'v cltlyHo", ;DdfGo cltlyju{, cfhsf] o; sfo{qmdsf vf; ;/f]sf/jfnf lk|o cleefjs, kqsf/0f u0f, ;dfh;]jL, o; ljBfnosf lzIfs tyf sd{rf/L ju{, ljBfyL{ efOalxgLx¿, cfdlGqt tyf cfuGt's dxfg'efjx¿ Û

cfkm\gf 5f]/f5f]/Lsf] eljiosf] af/]df oxfFx¿ uDeL/ / lhDd]jf/ x'g'x'G5 . ToxL ePsfn] cfh oxfF pkl:yt x'g'eP/ ljBfnosf ultljlwdf rf;f] / ;/f]sf/ /flv/xg'ePsf] 5 . xfdL cleefjsx¿ ;GtfgnfO{ s;/L ;kmn agfpg] xf], c;n agfpg] xf] eGg] ljifodf /ftf]lbg lrGtg / ljrf/ ul//x]sf x'G5f}F . ljrf/ k'¥ofpg'kg{] c¿ klg s]xL s'/f 5g\ ls < d cfh cleefjsLo e"ldsfsf] ljifodf casf gf}–b; ldg]6 s]xL k|Zg ug{ / af]Ng rfxG5' . oxfFx¿ ;a} hgfn] Psl5g w}o{ / uDeL/ eP/ ;'Gg'x'g]5 .

xfdL ;GtfgnfO{ ;kmn agfpgs} nflu /ftf]lbg d]xgt u5f{}F, b'Mv u5f{}F . cfsfz / kftfn hf]8\5f}F . laxfg lem;ld;]df lxF8]/ emdSs ePkl5 kms{G5f}F . xfdLn] oL ukm ub{} ePsf] ;dodf ;Gtfgsf] eljiosf] vf]hL ug{sf nflu sf]l/of, hfkfg, dn]l;of, vf8L d'n's, ef/t, dflNbE; cflb cg]s b]zdf nfvf}F afa'x¿ xhf/f}F cfdfx¿ kl;gf r'xfO/x]sf 5g\ . 5f]/f5f]/LnfO{ ;kmn / ;Ifd agfpg xfdL ;Stf] sf]l;; ul//x]sf 5f}F . s] u/]df xfd|f ;Gtfg cem ;kmn xf]nfg\ < ;Gtfg x'sf{pg], pgLx¿nfO{ ;+:sf/ / ;Eotf l;sfpg] xfd|f] tl/sf 7Ls 5 <

kl/jf/sf ;b:o ;Fu} a;]/ vfgf vfg'sf] dxŒj s] 5 < lh2L, 8/kf]skgf jf nHhfn' afgL 5 eg] To;af6 aRrfnfO{ s;/L arfpg], aRrfsf] gfd / p;sf] ;kmntf–c;kmntfsf] ;fOgf] s] 5 < aRrfsf] gfd s:tf] /fVg] < 5f]/f5f]/LnfO{ ;+:sf/ / ;fdflhs Jojxf/ s;/L l;sfpg] < pgLx¿ eofgs dfgl;s ;d:ofdf k/]sf] s;/L yfxf kfpg] < To:tf] ;d:ofdf k/]sfnfO{ s;/L arfpg] < afnaRrfnfO{ df]afOn kmf]gsf] nt s;/L 5'6fpg] < ;Gtfgsf nflu 3/hUuf / c¿ ;DklQ hf]ufOlbg' slt h?/L 5 < ljBfno / cleefjssf] ;DaGw s:tf] agfof] eg] ;Gtfgsf] lxt xf]nf <

:s'ndf cfP/ lk|lG;kn jf lzIfs;Fu emu8f ug{], pxfFx¿nfO{ ckdfg ug{]sf 5f]/f5f]/Ln] k9fO /fd|f] unf{g\ ls lzIfsnfO{ ;Ddfg ug{] JolStsf 5f]/f5f]/Ln] /fd|f] k9fO unf{g\ < lzIfs / ljBfnosf] af/]df 3/df gsf/fTds s'/f ug{]sf 5f]/f5f]/L ;sf/fTds s'/fsfgL ug{]sf 5f]/f5]f/L sf] v';L / ;'vL xf]nf :s'ndf < s:tf] Jojxf/ b]vfpg] cleefjssf 5f]/f5f]/Lsf] afgLa]xf]/f, :jefj c;n xf]nf < b]zdf lszf]/ cfTdxTofsf] b/ Psbd a9]sf] 5, o;sf] sf/0f s] xf] < s;/L xfd|f ;Gtfgsf] zf/Ll/s, dfgl;s, ;+j]ufTds, ;fdflhs, g}lts, ;f+:s[lts, wfld{s u'0fsf] ljsf; ug{] < tkfO{F ljBfnon] af]nfPsf] ;dodf, cleefjs lbj;df jf gfgLafa'n] d~rdf s'zntf b]vfpg] jf k'/:sf/ kfpg] ;dodf oxfF cfpg ;Dej ePg eg] s;f] ug{] <

Sjfln6L 6fOd eg]sf] s] xf] < aRrf;Fu s;/L Sjfln6L 6fOd latfpg] <

tkfO{Fn] ljBfno jf lzIfs;Fu emu8f ug'{eof] eg] aRrfn] s] l;S5g\ < tkfO{Fn] :s'n / lzIfssf] k|z+;f ug'{eof] eg] logn] s] a'em\5g\ < tkfO{Fn] ufnL ug'{x'g] / x]Kg'x'g] lzIfs;Fu k9\g' / tkfO{Fn] ;Ddfg–cfb/ tyf k|z+;f ug'{x'g] lzIfs;Fu k9\g'df s] cGt/ 5 <

lk|o cleefjs, oL / o:t} ljifodf Ps jif{;Dd ulx/f] / Jofks cWoog u/]/ ljZjel/sf cg]s b]zsf cleefjsLo tflnd, cEof; / tl/sfsf] ;"Id ljZn]if0f u/L cfhsf] xfd|f] kl/j]zdf cfhsf cleefjssf nflu pko'St x'g] cleefjsLo lzNk cyf{t\ ;GtfgnfO{ 7Ls;Fu x'sf{pg] / ;kmn agfpg] ;Lk;DaGwL Jofjxfl/s k':ts n]v]sf] 5' d}n] . k':tssf] gfd xf] æs'zn cleefjs M ;kmn 5f]/f5f]/L .Æ

o; ;–;fgf] lstfadf xfd|f s'gs'g rng ;'wf/ ug{}kg{] 5g\, xfdL cleefjs s:tfs:tf 5f}F, ;GtfgnfO{ ;kmntfsf] dfu{df lxF8fpg] ;jf{]Qd tl/sf s]s] x'g\, g]kfn ;/sf/, o'lg;]km, ljleGg ;+:yf, wd{u'?, lzIffljb\, dgf]ljb\ / c¿ lj1x¿sf ;'emfjx¿ s] 5g\, gfgLsf] :jf:Yodf xfdLn] s:tf] ;fjwfgL k'¥ofpg ;S5f}F, pgLx¿sf] ;fdflhsLs/0f / rl/qlgdf{0fdf s] ug'{kg{] xf]nf, 5f]/f5f]/L / afa'cfdfaLr ulx/f] ;DaGw, lg/Gt/ ;+jfb / cyfx k|]d s;/L sfod /fVg] xf]nf, cflb ljifodf ljZjsf k|sf08 ljåfg\, ljz]if1 cg';Gwftfsf lgisif{ / ;'emfjx¿ o; k':tsdf ;/n efiffdf ;"qa4 u/L lbOPsf] 5 . of] pkb]zsf] 7]nL xf]Og, Jofjxfl/s / ;lhnf pkfo b]vfpg] ;fgf] k':ts xf] .

xh'/x¿ 3/ kms{Fbf sDtLdf klg PsPs yfg of] k':ts oxfFaf6 lsg]/ nUg'xf]nf . k9\g'xf]nf . k6sk6s k9\g'xf]nf . d t eG5', b'O{rf/ k|lt nUg'xf];\, Pp6f k':ts l5d]sLnfO{ pkxf/ lbg'xf];\, st} ljjfx sfo{qmddf lgDtf dfGg hfFbf a]x'nfa]x'nLnfO{ sf];]nL nlulbg'eP klg x'G5 . ;'Ts]/L cfdf e]6\g hfFbf Pp6f lstfa pkxf/ nlulbg'eP klg x'G5 . of] k':ts k9]/ pxfFx¿n] klg ;Gtfg x'sf{pg] ;jf{]Qd tl/sf l;Sg'x'g]5 . of]eGbf ultnf] pkxf/ s] x'g ;S5 / < of] k':ts efG;fdf, a}7s sf]7fdf jf a]8?ddf hyfefjL /xf];\ tf ls xh'/x¿n] EofPsf] ;dodf k9\g'x'g]5 .

dnfO{ yfxf 5, cfhsf w]/} cleefjs lstfa k9\g'nfO{ a]sf/sf] sfd eG5g\, d}n] kl9;s]F eG5g\ . k9\g] sfd s]6fs]6Lsf] xf], k9\g] sfd hfFr kf; ug{sf nflu xf] eG7fG5g\ . ;To o;f] xf]Og . tkfO{Fn] k9\g'x'Gg eg] tkfO{Fsf ;GtfgnfO{ klg k9\g'sf] kmfObf / dxŒj a'emfpg slxNo} ;Sg'x'Gg . k9\g'xf];\ . k9\g'sf] ljsNk km];a's, OG:6fu|fd / l6s6s xf]Ogg\ . tL ;fdflhs ;~hfndf lbPsf] ;don] tkfO{FnfO{ ;Gtfgaf6 6f9f k'¥ofpg]5 . ;GtfgnfO{ klg ;kmntfsf] dfu{af6 6f9f k'¥ofpg]5 . tkfO{F o; /f]uaf6 d'St x'g'xf];\ .

lk|o cleefjs, oxfFx¿ ;a}hgfn] of] k':ts k9]/ o;df ;'emfOPsf tl/sfdWo] b'O{rf/ dfq ;"q cfkm\gf] Jojxf/df nfu" ul/x]g'{eof] eg] oL xfd|f ;Gtlt yk c;n aGg]5g\, cem ;kmn aGg]5g\ eGg] s'/fdf d Psbd ljZj:t 5' . xfd|f gfgLx¿ ld;fOn x'g\ . Ps l8u|L ldnfpg ;Sof}F eg] ltgn] nIo bfUg]5g\, xfdLn] clnslt nfkaf{xL u¥of}F jf a]n}df 7Ls;Fu ;f]em\ofpg hfg]gf}F eg] ltgLx¿ nIodf k'Ug ;Sg]5}gg\ . adsf] sfd jf Ifdtf k8\sg] xf] t/ Tof] ad sxfF, slxn] / s;/L k8\sfpg] xf] Tof] xfdLn] hfGg'kg{] x'G5 .

of] k':ts xh'/sf] xftdf b]v] eg] gfgLx¿n] s] ;f]Rnfg\ < lstfasf] gfd} b]Vgf;fy logn] ;f]Rg]5g\– æd]/f cfdfa'af d]/f] eljio ;kmn agfpg ;s];Dd sf]l;; ul//xg'ePsf] 5 . d]/f] pGglt / k|ult, d]/f] ;kmntf g} pxfFx¿sf] d'Vo ;kgf xf] . olt w]/} dfof / ljZjf; ug{] afa'cfdf d}n] kfPsf] 5', d efUodfgL /x]5' . d}n] sf]l;; u/]/ ;kmn aGg'k5{ . pxfFx¿n] olt sf]l;; ubf{ klg d}n] k|ult ug{ vf]lhgF eg] kl5 dnfO{ 7"nf] kl5tf] x'g]5 .Æ gfgLafa' clns 7"nf 5g\ eg] pgLx¿n] klg 5'6\6Lsf] ;dodf of] k':ts k9"g\ . pgLx¿ klg s'/f a'em\5g\ .

!= afnaflnsfdf lh2L / /8fsf]

@= k|]h]G6 xf]Og k|]h]G; lbg'xf];\ .

#= ljBfnosf] sfo{qmddf tfnL

$= aRrfnfO{ c;kmntf s;/L em]Ng l;sfpg] -:j/;d|f6, jfN6 l8Hg], ;fOsn r9]sf]_

%= gfgLx?sf lstfa k9\g'xf]nf, syf sljtf / lj1fgsf klg, lx;fa klg . /dfpg'xf]nf To;df .

^= df]afOnaf6 5'6fpg] M laxfg a]n'sf k"hf ehg, zlgjf/ wfld{s ;+:yfx?sf sfo{qmd, ;dfh;]jf, jfO{8L;L, o'y km/ An8, ;ª\uLt sIff, gf6s, ;flxlTos ultljlw, uf]i7L, 6f]nljsf; ultljlw, v]ns'b, of]uJofofd .  

o; sfo{qmdsf cfof]hs ju{n] dnfO{ o; sfo{qmddf k|]dk"j{s lgdGq0f ug'{eof] . ljBfyL{ gfgLafa"x?sf k|:t'lt x]g{ kfPF .  olt eGg] cg'dlt lbg'eof] . oxfFx¿n] d]/f s'/f Wofg lbP/ ;'lglbg'eof] . ;a}yf]ssf nflu xflb{s wGojfb .

)))

 

 

 

$= lzv/ Ps]8]dL :s'n af}sfdf lbPsf] jStJo @)*) cleefjs lbj;

;fb/ cg'/f]w

–lbg]z kf}8]n

cfb/0fLo ;efkltHo", dfGoj/ k|d'v cltlyHo", ;DdfGo cltlyju{, cfhsf] o; sfo{qmdsf vf; ;/f]sf/jfnf lk|o cleefjs, kqsf/0f u0f, ;dfh;]jL, o; ljBfnosf lzIfs tyf sd{rf/L ju{, ljBfyL{ efOalxgLx¿, cfdlGqt tyf cfuGt's dxfg'efjx¿ Û

cfkm\gf 5f]/f5f]/Lsf] eljiosf] af/]df oxfFx¿ uDeL/ / lhDd]jf/ x'g'x'G5 . ToxL ePsfn] cfh oxfF pkl:yt x'g'eP/ ljBfnosf ultljlwdf rf;f] / ;/f]sf/ /flv/xg'ePsf] 5 . xfdL cleefjsx¿ ;GtfgnfO{ s;/L ;kmn agfpg] xf], c;n agfpg] xf] eGg] ljifodf /ftf]lbg lrGtg / ljrf/ ul//x]sf x'G5f}F . ljrf/ k'¥ofpg'kg{] c¿ klg s]xL s'/f 5g\ ls < d cfh cleefjsLo e"ldsfsf] ljifodf casf gf}–b; ldg]6 s]xL k|Zg ug{ / af]Ng rfxG5' . oxfFx¿ ;a} hgfn] Psl5g w}o{ / uDeL/ eP/ ;'Gg'x'g]5 .

xfdL ;GtfgnfO{ ;kmn agfpgs} nflu /ftf]lbg d]xgt u5f{}F, b'Mv u5f{}F . cfsfz / kftfn hf]8\5f}F . laxfg lem;ld;]df lxF8]/ emdSs ePkl5 kms{G5f}F . xfdLn] oL ukm ub{} ePsf] ;dodf ;Gtfgsf] eljiosf] vf]hL ug{sf nflu sf]l/of, hfkfg, dn]l;of, vf8L d'n's, ef/t, dflNbE; cflb cg]s b]zdf nfvf}F afa'x¿ xhf/f}F cfdfx¿ kl;gf r'xfO/x]sf 5g\ . 5f]/f5f]/LnfO{ ;kmn / ;Ifd agfpg xfdL ;Stf] sf]l;; ul//x]sf 5f}F . s] u/]df xfd|f ;Gtfg cem ;kmn xf]nfg\ < ;Gtfg x'sf{pg], pgLx¿nfO{ ;+:sf/ / ;Eotf l;sfpg] xfd|f] tl/sf 7Ls 5 <

kl/jf/sf ;b:o ;Fu} a;]/ vfgf vfg'sf] dxŒj s] 5 < lh2L, 8/kf]skgf jf nHhfn' afgL 5 eg] To;af6 aRrfnfO{ s;/L arfpg], aRrfsf] gfd / p;sf] ;kmntf–c;kmntfsf] ;fOgf] s] 5 < aRrfsf] gfd s:tf] /fVg] < 5f]/f5f]/LnfO{ ;+:sf/ / ;fdflhs Jojxf/ s;/L l;sfpg] < pgLx¿ eofgs dfgl;s ;d:ofdf k/]sf] s;/L yfxf kfpg] < To:tf] ;d:ofdf k/]sfnfO{ s;/L arfpg] < afnaRrfnfO{ df]afOn kmf]gsf] nt s;/L 5'6fpg] < ;Gtfgsf nflu 3/hUuf / c¿ ;DklQ hf]ufOlbg' slt h?/L 5 < ljBfno / cleefjssf] ;DaGw s:tf] agfof] eg] ;Gtfgsf] lxt xf]nf <

:s'ndf cfP/ lk|lG;kn jf lzIfs;Fu emu8f ug{], pxfFx¿nfO{ ckdfg ug{]sf 5f]/f5f]/Ln] k9fO /fd|f] unf{g\ ls lzIfsnfO{ ;Ddfg ug{] JolStsf 5f]/f5f]/Ln] /fd|f] k9fO unf{g\ < lzIfs / ljBfnosf] af/]df 3/df gsf/fTds s'/f ug{]sf 5f]/f5f]/L ;sf/fTds s'/fsfgL ug{]sf 5f]/f5]f/L sf] v';L / ;'vL xf]nf :s'ndf < s:tf] Jojxf/ b]vfpg] cleefjssf 5f]/f5f]/Lsf] afgLa]xf]/f, :jefj c;n xf]nf < b]zdf lszf]/ cfTdxTofsf] b/ Psbd a9]sf] 5, o;sf] sf/0f s] xf] < s;/L xfd|f ;Gtfgsf] zf/Ll/s, dfgl;s, ;+j]ufTds, ;fdflhs, g}lts, ;f+:s[lts, wfld{s u'0fsf] ljsf; ug{] < tkfO{F ljBfnon] af]nfPsf] ;dodf, cleefjs lbj;df jf gfgLafa'n] d~rdf s'zntf b]vfpg] jf k'/:sf/ kfpg] ;dodf oxfF cfpg ;Dej ePg eg] s;f] ug{] <

Sjfln6L 6fOd eg]sf] s] xf] < aRrf;Fu s;/L Sjfln6L 6fOd latfpg] <

tkfO{Fn] ljBfno jf lzIfs;Fu emu8f ug'{eof] eg] aRrfn] s] l;S5g\ < tkfO{Fn] :s'n / lzIfssf] k|z+;f ug'{eof] eg] logn] s] a'em\5g\ < tkfO{Fn] ufnL ug'{x'g] / x]Kg'x'g] lzIfs;Fu k9\g' / tkfO{Fn] ;Ddfg–cfb/ tyf k|z+;f ug'{x'g] lzIfs;Fu k9\g'df s] cGt/ 5 <

lk|o cleefjs, oL / o:t} ljifodf Ps jif{;Dd ulx/f] / Jofks cWoog u/]/ ljZjel/sf cg]s b]zsf cleefjsLo tflnd, cEof; / tl/sfsf] ;"Id ljZn]if0f u/L cfhsf] xfd|f] kl/j]zdf cfhsf cleefjssf nflu pko'St x'g] cleefjsLo lzNk cyf{t\ ;GtfgnfO{ 7Ls;Fu x'sf{pg] / ;kmn agfpg] ;Lk;DaGwL Jofjxfl/s k':ts n]v]sf] 5' d}n] . k':tssf] gfd xf] æs'zn cleefjs M ;kmn 5f]/f5f]/L .Æ

o; ;–;fgf] lstfadf xfd|f s'gs'g rng ;'wf/ ug{}kg{] 5g\, xfdL cleefjs s:tfs:tf 5f}F, ;GtfgnfO{ ;kmntfsf] dfu{df lxF8fpg] ;jf{]Qd tl/sf s]s] x'g\, g]kfn ;/sf/, o'lg;]km, ljleGg ;+:yf, wd{u'?, lzIffljb\, dgf]ljb\ / c¿ lj1x¿sf ;'emfjx¿ s] 5g\, gfgLsf] :jf:Yodf xfdLn] s:tf] ;fjwfgL k'¥ofpg ;S5f}F, pgLx¿sf] ;fdflhsLs/0f / rl/qlgdf{0fdf s] ug'{kg{] xf]nf, 5f]/f5f]/L / afa'cfdfaLr ulx/f] ;DaGw, lg/Gt/ ;+jfb / cyfx k|]d s;/L sfod /fVg] xf]nf, cflb ljifodf ljZjsf k|sf08 ljåfg\, ljz]if1 cg';Gwftfsf lgisif{ / ;'emfjx¿ o; k':tsdf ;/n efiffdf ;"qa4 u/L lbOPsf] 5 . of] pkb]zsf] 7]nL xf]Og, Jofjxfl/s / ;lhnf pkfo b]vfpg] ;fgf] k':ts xf] .

xh'/x¿ 3/ kms{Fbf sDtLdf klg PsPs yfg of] k':ts oxfFaf6 lsg]/ nUg'xf]nf . k9\g'xf]nf . k6sk6s k9\g'xf]nf . d t eG5', b'O{rf/ k|lt nUg'xf];\, Pp6f k':ts l5d]sLnfO{ pkxf/ lbg'xf];\, st} ljjfx sfo{qmddf lgDtf dfGg hfFbf a]x'nfa]x'nLnfO{ sf];]nL nlulbg'eP klg x'G5 . ;'Ts]/L cfdf e]6\g hfFbf Pp6f lstfa pkxf/ nlulbg'eP klg x'G5 . of] k':ts k9]/ pxfFx¿n] klg ;Gtfg x'sf{pg] ;jf{]Qd tl/sf l;Sg'x'g]5 . of]eGbf ultnf] pkxf/ s] x'g ;S5 / < of] k':ts efG;fdf, a}7s sf]7fdf jf a]8?ddf hyfefjL /xf];\ tf ls xh'/x¿n] EofPsf] ;dodf k9\g'x'g]5 .

dnfO{ yfxf 5, cfhsf w]/} cleefjs lstfa k9\g'nfO{ a]sf/sf] sfd eG5g\, d}n] kl9;s]F eG5g\ . k9\g] sfd s]6fs]6Lsf] xf], k9\g] sfd hfFr kf; ug{sf nflu xf] eG7fG5g\ . ;To o;f] xf]Og . tkfO{Fn] k9\g'x'Gg eg] tkfO{Fsf ;GtfgnfO{ klg k9\g'sf] kmfObf / dxŒj a'emfpg slxNo} ;Sg'x'Gg . k9\g'xf];\ . k9\g'sf] ljsNk km];a's, OG:6fu|fd / l6s6s xf]Ogg\ . tL ;fdflhs ;~hfndf lbPsf] ;don] tkfO{FnfO{ ;Gtfgaf6 6f9f k'¥ofpg]5 . ;GtfgnfO{ klg ;kmntfsf] dfu{af6 6f9f k'¥ofpg]5 . tkfO{F o; /f]uaf6 d'St x'g'xf];\ .

lk|o cleefjs, oxfFx¿ ;a}hgfn] of] k':ts k9]/ o;df ;'emfOPsf tl/sfdWo] b'O{rf/ dfq ;"q cfkm\gf] Jojxf/df nfu" ul/x]g'{eof] eg] oL xfd|f ;Gtlt yk c;n aGg]5g\, cem ;kmn aGg]5g\ eGg] s'/fdf d Psbd ljZj:t 5' . xfd|f gfgLx¿ ld;fOn x'g\ . Ps l8u|L ldnfpg ;Sof}F eg] ltgn] nIo bfUg]5g\, xfdLn] clnslt nfkaf{xL u¥of}F jf a]n}df 7Ls;Fu ;f]em\ofpg hfg]gf}F eg] ltgLx¿ nIodf k'Ug ;Sg]5}gg\ . adsf] sfd jf Ifdtf k8\sg] xf] t/ Tof] ad sxfF, slxn] / s;/L k8\sfpg] xf] Tof] xfdLn] hfGg'kg{] x'G5 .

of] k':ts xh'/sf] xftdf b]v] eg] gfgLx¿n] s] ;f]Rnfg\ < lstfasf] gfd} b]Vgf;fy logn] ;f]Rg]5g\– æd]/f cfdfa'af d]/f] eljio ;kmn agfpg ;s];Dd sf]l;; ul//xg'ePsf] 5 . d]/f] pGglt / k|ult, d]/f] ;kmntf g} pxfFx¿sf] d'Vo ;kgf xf] . olt w]/} dfof / ljZjf; ug{] afa'cfdf d}n] kfPsf] 5', d efUodfgL /x]5' . d}n] sf]l;; u/]/ ;kmn aGg'k5{ . pxfFx¿n] olt sf]l;; ubf{ klg d}n] k|ult ug{ vf]lhgF eg] kl5 dnfO{ 7"nf] kl5tf] x'g]5 .Æ gfgLafa' clns 7"nf 5g\ eg] pgLx¿n] klg 5'6\6Lsf] ;dodf of] k':ts k9"g\ . pgLx¿ klg s'/f a'em\5g\ .

!= afnaflnsfdf lh2L / /8fsf]

@= k|]h]G6 xf]Og k|]h]G; lbg'xf];\ .

#= ljBfnosf] sfo{qmddf tfnL

$= aRrfnfO{ c;kmntf s;/L em]Ng l;sfpg] -:j/;d|f6, jfN6 l8Hg], ;fOsn r9]sf]_

%= gfgLx?sf lstfa k9\g'xf]nf, syf sljtf / lj1fgsf klg, lx;fa klg . /dfpg'xf]nf To;df .

^= df]afOnaf6 5'6fpg] M laxfg a]n'sf k"hf ehg, zlgjf/ wfld{s ;+:yfx?sf sfo{qmd, ;dfh;]jf, jfO{8L;L, o'y km/ An8, ;ª\uLt sIff, gf6s, ;flxlTos ultljlw, uf]i7L, 6f]nljsf; ultljlw, v]ns'b, of]uJofofd .  

o; sfo{qmdsf cfof]hs ju{n] dnfO{ o; sfo{qmddf k|]dk"j{s lgdGq0f ug'{eof] . ljBfyL{ gfgLafa"x?sf k|:t'lt x]g{ kfPF .  olt eGg] cg'dlt lbg'eof] . oxfFx¿n] d]/f s'/f Wofg lbP/ ;'lglbg'eof] . ;a}yf]ssf nflu xflb{s wGojfb .

)))

 

%= Ho]i7 gful/ssf ;d:ofdfly lbPsf] dGtJo M Ho]i7 gful/s ;dfh O6x/L @)*)

cfkm\gf] a'9\of}nLnfO{ cfkm"n] s;/L ;s];Dd ;xh agfpg] <

–lbg]z kf}8]n, O6x/L–$

 

oxfFx¿ Ho]i7 gful/s x'g'x'G5 . cg'ej / cWoogn] vfl/g'ePsf / 1fga'l4sf vfgL x'g'x'G5 . d}n] oxfFx¿af6 l;Sg] xf] . xh'/x¿nfO{ o;f] ug'{xf];\, o;f] ug'{ePdf oxfFx¿sf] a'9\of}nL ;xh x'g]5 eGg] d}n] eGg ;Sg] s'/} 5}g . oxfF d}n] ljleGg ;|f]taf6 P3f/ a'Fbf vf]hvfh kf/]sf] 5' . oL a'Fbfdf o;f] ug'{xf];\, p;f] ug'{xf];\ elgP klg vf;df Tof] d cfkm}FnfO{ eg]sf] x'F . d cfkm}F ;f7L jif{sf] ePF, l/6fo8{ ePsf] 5', To;}n] ca a'9\of}nL pd]/sf] Joj:yfkgdf d cfkm"n] cfkm}FnfO{ s]–slt ug{ ;S5' xf]nf eg]/ oL a'Fbf l6k]sf] x'F . xh'/x¿nfO{ eg]h:tf] ;'lgP klg oxfF d cfkm}FnfO{ elg/x]sf] 5' . oxfF a'Fbfut ¿kdf k|:t't ljrf/x¿dfly oxfFx¿ cfkm}Fn] /fd|/L ljrf/ k'/\ofP/ Jojxf/ ul//xg'ePsf] 5, d}n] elg/xg'kg{] s'/} 5}g . sf/0f klg 5}g .

t/ klg Psb'O{ s'/f rflxF elgxfN5', h:tf] M xh'/x¿sf gfltgfltgfsf] gfd k"/f ofb 5}g eg] Tof] 7Ls;Fu ofb    ug'{xf];\ . ;s];Dd ;a}sf] hGdf]T;j Vofn ug'{xf];\ .

d t 8fo/Ldf l6k]/} /fVg] u5'{ . cfkm"nfO{ e]6\g eg]/ 3/df cfPsf cfkmGthgsf] af/]df ;s];Dd ljj/0f n]v]/      /fV5' . sf]xL cfpFb} 5 eg] p;sf] af/]df kl/jf/sf c¿ ;b:onfO{ ;f]w]/ k"j{tof/L u5'{ . d cfkm}F v'a} la;{G5', s'g} sfo{qmddf lgDtf] cfPsf] a]nf sf8{df k9] klg sxfF slt ah] eGg] s'/f s]xLa]/kl5 e';'Ss} la;{G5' . k'gM sf8{df k9\g'k5{ ;Demg . s'g} sfo{qmddf hfg] ;do eP klg, OR5f eP klg slt hgf Ho]i7 gful/sn] e';'Ss} e'Ng''x'G5 / ;f] sfo{qmddf k'Ug kfpg'x'Gg .

ca cfkm\gf] a'9\of}nLnfO{ cfkm"n] s;/L ;s];Dd ;xh agfpg] eGg] ljifodf d]/f a'Fbf x]/f}F M

!= cfkm\gf] :jf:YonfO{ tGb'?:t /fVg'k5{ . cfkm" ;lqmo /xg] xf] . kof{Kt zf/Ll/s cEof; / s;/t ug{] xf] . vfg'kg{] cf}iflwx¿ ;dodf gla;L{sg vfg] ug'{k5{ .

@= 8fS6/sf] ;Nnfx dfGg] ug'{k5{ . pd]/;Fu} cg]s k|sf/sf /f]ux¿n] cfqmd0f ug{ yfNb5g\ . xfdLn] 8fS6/n] lbPsf ;Nnfxx¿df cl8u eP/ nfUg'k5{ . 8fS6/sf] ;Nnfxsf lj?4 hfg' vt/f x'G5 . pgLx¿n] ;'emfPsf cf}iflw lgoldt ;dodf tf]s]cg';f/ vfg'k5{ .

#= ;/;kmfOdf Wofg lbg] ug'{k5{ . a'9\of}nLdf :jf:Yo / ;/;kmfOsf] dxŒj 7"nf] 5 . cfkm\gf] 3/, sf]7f / ;'Tg] cf]5\ofgsf] ;/;kmfOdf kof{Kt Wofg lbg'k5{ . a'9\of}nLdf /f]usf hLjf0f'n] cfqmd0f ug{ ;lhnf] k5{ . ;?jf /f]u klg a"9fa"9LnfO{ l56f] ;5{ . cfkm"n] vfg] kmnkm"n / sfFr} vfOg] ;fu;AhL ;kmf kfgLn] 7Ls;Fu w'g'k5{ . ctM ;/;kmfO, g'xfOw'jfO, sk8fsf] w'nfO / kmnkm"n / ;fu;AhLsf] ;kmfOdf kof{Kt Wofg lbg'k5{ . cf]8\g] cf]5\ofpg] sk8f lgoldt ¿kdf 3fddf ;'sfpg] ugf{n] /f]usL/f d5{g\ / sk8faf6 b'u{Gw x6]/ hfG5 . 3fddf ;'sfPsf l;/s–8;gf, sDan cflb 3fddf ;'sfpgfn] Gofgf klg x'G5g\ .

$= b'3{6gfaf6 aRg kof{Kt ;ts{tf ckgfpg'k5{ . a"9fa"9Lsf] z/L/ b'3{6gfdf k¥of] eg] a9L gf]S;fg x'G5 . xftuf]8f / sDd/ ;lhn} efFlrg ;S5 . a"9fa"9Lsf] efFlrPsf] cª\u hf]l8g Psbd sl7g k5{ . 3/sf] sfd ubf{, 3/leq / aflx/ st} lxF88'n ubf{, afy?ddf hfFbf, g'xfOw'jfO ubf{, uf8L xfFStf / l;F9L pSnFbf–cf]n{Fbf ljz]if ;ts{tf lng' 7Ls x'G5 .

%= ;xL dfgl;s cj:yf sfod /fVg] . a'9\of}nL;Fu cg]s efjgfTds, ;+j]ufTds cflb dfgl;s ;d:of       cfpF5g\ . PSnf]kg, kl/ToSt cj:yf, alx:sf/, lg/fzf, xtfzf, gsf/fTds efjgf / cfTd;Ddfg u'Dg] h:tf ;d:ofn] a'9\of}nLnfO{ 3]5{ . lxhf]sf] Tof] cfkm\gf] zfg;f}st, ;fdYo{ / km}nfj6 u'd]sf] 6'n'6'n' x]g'{kg{] lbg        cfpF5g\ . lxhf] ;of}F JolSt gd:sf/ ub{} cfkm\gf] sfd agfpg cfpFy], cfh ltgn] r6Ss} la;{]sf x'G5g\ . lxhf]sf] af3 cfh leh]sf] la/fnf] aGg'k/]sf] x'G5 . o:tf] ;d:ofsf] ;xh / ;xL pkrf/ 5}g . a'9\of}nL pd]/n] lbPsf s7f]/ / laemfpg] pkxf/x¿ :jLsf/ u/L cl3 a9\g ;sf/fTds ;f]rsf] h?/L k5{ . ca cfkm" cf]/fnf] nfu]sf] ;To :jLsf/ u/L cl3 a9\g'kb{5 .

^= ;s];Dd Jo:t / ;lqmo /fVg'k5{ . a'9\of}nL pd]/df cfOnfUg] PSnf]kg, pbf;L, kl/Tofusf] cj:yfdf xfdLn] Jo:t /xg / ;lqmo /xg sf]l;; ug'{k5{ . s'g} pkof]uL / cy{k"0f{ ultljlwdf nfUg'k5{ . gofF efiff l;Sg], gofF 7fpF k'Ug], k'/fgf ;fyLefO;Fu e]63f6 jf s'/fsfgL ug{], ;fdflhs ultljlwdf hfg] ug'{k5{ . ;dfh;]jf, dflg;nfO{ s'g} lx;fan] d2t ug{], gofF s'/fdf rfv, ufog, ehg–sLt{gh:tf s'/fn] xfdLnfO{ Jo:t /fV5g\ .

&= gftf–;DaGwnfO{ alnof] kfg'{k5{ . a'l9Fb} uPkl5 s7f]/ aGg 5f8\g'k5{ . c¿nfO{ lgoGq0f / cfb]z lbg       5f8\g'k5{ . csf{nfO{ b'Mv lbP/ cfkm\gf] zlSt l;4 ug{], csf{sf] dfldnfdf x:tIf]k ug]{ jf c¿nfO{ o;f] u/ jf p;f] u/ eg]/ cgfjZos ;Nnfx lbg aGb ug'{k5{ . a"9fa"9Ln] c¿sf] dfldnfdf xft xfNg' / 6Lsfl6Kk0fL ug'{x'Fb}g . pgLx¿nfO{ cfkm\gf] lg0f{o ug{ 5fl8lbg'k5{ . pgLx¿sf] ;f]rfO / ljrf/nfO{ ePg jf x'Fb}g eGg'x'Fb}g . h] ug{ 7Ls nfU5, u¿g\ . pgLx¿ cfkm\gf] lg0f{o, km};nf / ;f]rfOaf6 pTkGg kl/0ffd ef]Ug tof/ x'G5g\, xfdLn] aLrdf l5s{] nufpg'x'Fb}g .

*= dnfO{ h] klg yfxf 5 eGg] k'/fgf] ;f]r TofUg'k5{ . x'g t a"9fa"9Ln] cyfx hfgsf/L, 1fg / cg'ej af]s]sf    x'G5f}F . tL hfgsf/L, 1fg, ljj]s / cg'ej sfdnfUbf klg x'G5g\ . t/ c¿sf] lg0f{odf afwfcj/f]w xfNg' jf 6/f{ l6Kk0fL ug'{x'Fb}g . o;f] ugf{n] ;DaGwdf ;d:of cfpF5 .

a"9fa"9Ln] k|]dk"0f{, ;xof]uL, d[b'efifL / ldqjt\ af]nLJojxf/ ug'{k5{ . o;f] ug{ ;Sof] eg] cfkm" ;d:ofdf kbf{ c¿sf] ;fy kfOG5 .

(= p2]Zo klxNofpg'k5{ . a'9\of}nL;Fu hLjgsf nIo / p2]Zox¿ wldlnFb} hfG5g\ . lhGbuL s]xL /x]g5 eGg] efj cfpg ;S5g\ . xfdLn] a'l9Fb} uPkl5 afFRg'sf gofF p2]Zox¿ kqmg'k5{ . hLjgnfO{ cy{k"0f{, ;lqmo / tGb'?:t /fv]/ cfkm"nfO{ ;dfhsf] Ps pkof]uL JolSt agfpg sf]l;; ug'{k5{ . gofFgofF sfddf pT;fxsf ;fy nfUg'k5{ .

cWoogx¿n] atfPsf 5g\ h;n] hLjgdf s]xL c;n sfd ug'{k5{ egL ;lqmo eO{ hLjg lhpg] sf/0f / p2]Zo 7Ls;Fu kqmG5g\, cfkm"n] u/]sf] sfdaf6 ;sf/fTds kl/0ffdsf] ck]Iff u5{g\ ltgn] :j:y / bL3{ hLjg afFRg] ;Defjgf a9L x'G5 .

!)= cfkm" hf] xf] h] xf] ;xif{ :jLsf/ ug'{k5{ . a'9\of}nLn] 9f]sf 9S9SofPkl5 dflg; gsf/fTds ;f]rn] 3]l/g' :jfefljs xf] . t/ oL ;f]rx¿nfO{ wkfP/ cfkm"nfO{ arfpg ;lsof] eg] hLjg cem ;kmn x'G5 . dflg;sf] g}ltstf, ljj]s, cfTdljZjf;, cfTd;DdfgnfO{ o:tf gsf/fTdstfx¿n] k|efljt ug{af6 aRg'k5{ . olt ug{ ;Sof] eg] p;sf] cfkm"leq / c¿;Fusf] ;DaGwdf s'k|efj kb{}g . dflg; :j:y Jojxf/ ug{ ;dy{ x'G5 .

xfdLn] cfkm\gf] sfo{snfk, sfo{bIftf, ljj]s, :d/0f cflb ;a}yf]sdf ;Gt'i6 x'g hfGg'k5{ . a'9\of}nL pd]/n] lbPsf ;Ldfsf aLr oltsf sfd ug{ ;lsof] eg]/ cfkm}FnfO{ 9f8; / cf8e/f];f lbg'k5{ . cfkm"n] cfkm}FnfO{ k|z+;f ug'{k5{, k'/:sf/ lbg'k5{ . xfdLn] cfkm"k|lt dfofn', bofn', ;xof]uL, IfdfzLn / ;'ema'emk"0f{ Jojxf/ ug'{k5{ .

!!= Tofu M lxGb' wd{df hLjgsf rf/ cf>d a|x\dro{, u[x:y, jfgk|:y / ;+Gof; cf>ddWo] a'9\of}nL pd]/ jfgk|:y cf>ddf ;'? eO{ ;+Gof; cf>ddf 6'ª\luG5 . xfd|f] wd{df dflg;n] a|x\dro{ cf>ddf /xFbf u'?s'ndf uO{ u'?sf] ;]jf ub{} ljBf / 1fg k|fKt ug'{k5{ elgG5 . u[x:yf>ddf kl/>d, ;To, Gofo / wfld{s af6f]af6 wg sdfpg'k5{ . ;Gtfg / kltkTgLsf] :ofxf/ / ;+/If0f ub{} ;b'Bf]uaf6 wg sdfpg'k5{ . sdfPsf] wgsf] s]xL lx:;f bfg ug'{k5{ .

o;}u/L jfgk|:y cf>ddf klg JolStn] cfkm\gf] oz, P]Zjo{, ;Gtfg / gftfuf]tfsf] ;DaGw 6'6fO{ jgdf uO{ Wofg / of]udf ;do latfpg'k5{ elgG5 . o; ;dodf klg s]xL sd{sf08 ug{], bfgk'0o ug{], k'/f0fsyf ;'Gg] ug'{k5{ .

;+Gof; cf>ddf k'u]kl5 p;n] ;a} vfnsf ;+;f/L ;DaGwaf6 5'6sf/f kfpg'k5{ . s'g} vfnsf bfgwd{, k'0osfo{, sd{sf08 ug'{kb{}g, vfln eujfg\sf] Wofg, j]bflb zf:qsf] cWoog / lge{o eO{ ;Dk"0f{ kbfy{sf] Tofu ug'{kb{5 .

lxGb'x¿sf nflu dfq xf]Og hLjgsf] kl5Nnf] r/0fdf k'u]kl5 o; ;+;f/sf] ;'vef]usf] lnK;f Tofu ug'{, ;a}vfn] cf;lSt / df]xsf] kl/Tofu ug'{ / ;Dk"0f{ ;do O{Zj/sf] :d/0f / Wofgdf latfpg' >]o:s/ / ;'vdo 5 . Tofu / j}/fUoaf6 dfq JolStn] a'9\of}nL pd]/df zflGt / cfgGb k|fKt ug{ ;dy{ x'G5g\ .

)))

 

^= xf}nL kl/jf/sf] ;fwf/0f;efdf dGtJo

-@)*) c;f]h !^ ut]_

 

wGojfb pb\3f]ifsHo", sfo{s/d s] ;efkltHo", kd'{v cltlyHo", cltlyug, ;wf/g ;ef d] pkl:yt xf}nL kl/jf/ s] ;b:oug, O6f ;+:yf s] === cf}F ;wf/g ;ef x] a;\ k':ts nf]sfk{g sfo{s/d d] xd\/f dxŒj s] ;fy af]n NxfO{ xd/f nfun b'O{ rf/ zAb af]n] nUgf cf};/ b]nx u]nL xf}nL kl/jf/ x] a;\ cf/ vf; sl/ s] O6f kl/jf/ s] ;nfxsf/ ;b:o /fd;fu/ rf}w/LHo" s] xflb{s wGojfb cf/ s[t1tf JoSt s/ l5g\ .

yf¿ ef;f, ;+:s[lt x] a;\ k/Dk/f cToGt ;d[4 5] . yf¿ hflt ht] ht] a;f]jf; s/n 5] cf]t] cf]t] cfkg\ klxrfg, ;+:s[lt x] a;\ k/Dk/f s] c;n lgaf{x sn{     5] . yf¿ nf]s snf, nf]s syf, nf]s uLt x] a;\ nf]s k/Dk/f d] hTGof ax't] df}lnstf x] a;\ z'4tf 5], Joxf g ;Defljt g]kfn s] cf/ sf}gf] /f hflt x] a;\ hftLo ;d"x d] g} 5] . yf¿ ef;f 7fpF cg';f/ cjwL, ef]hk'/L, d}lynL cf/ cg]s ef;f s] ld;fj6 5] . O aug\ cj:yf d] cf]gf ef;f s] zAbe08f/, Jofs/0fLo lgod x] a;\ cGo 5'Ddf–5'Ddf eflifs rl/q n]gb]g sl/ s] ckgf ;d[4 aGn 5] . Joxf ;] yf¿ ef;f d] ax't] km/s b]v] nugf :jefljs 5] .

xd]+ klZrd s] s~rgk'/, s}nfnL, alb{of, afFs], ;'v{]t ;] Nofs] bfª, bfpv'/L, gjnk/f;L, ¿kGb]xL, slknj:t', lrtjg, k;f{, af/f, /f}tx6 cf/ cf]s/ ;] k'?a\ yf¿ hflt s] ax't] dfg'; ;ª] ;Dks{ d]+ 5]g\ . xd/ afNosfn vGxf/ s] yf¿ rf}w/L ;ª ;fyL;a\ ;ª] v]]Nof s] lbg laTof n]g];\ . cfHxf] ts ax't] afNo ;vf s] xd/ ;Dks{ cf/ ;DaGw 5] .

/fi6« s] df}lnstf cf/ ax't] hflt k/Dk/f s] hu]gf{ cf/ ljsf; s] rf;f] xd/ ljifo 5]s] . ;'?j] b]lv cfkg l;of s] hftLo ;Gt'ng, /fli6«o Pstf cf/ klxrfg d]+ yf¿ hflt s] ax't e"ldsf /xn 5] . g]kfn s] ax't k'/fgf hfltdWo] O6f yf¿ Ps 5]s] . cf/ O6f hflt s] pTyfg x] a;\ ktg ;ª] xd/ pTyfg ktg ;lxt ;DalGwt /xn xf]t] x'P eL xd]+ bf];/ ef;f s] xd 5]lsg\ tOof] eL O6f ef;f s] pGglt s] nflu, sf]g s/jL sxL s] sx] tfs\ 5g\ .

cfh d oxfF yf¿ efiffsf] zAbsf]zsf] lgdf{0f u/f}F eGgsf nflu pkl:yt 5' . d}n] n]lS;sf]u|fkmL cyf{t\ zAbsf]z lgdf{0f ljlw;DaGwL cfwf/e"t tflnd tyf cWoog u/]sf] x'gfn] o; sfddf xft xfNg lxDdt h'6fO/x]sf] 5' . ljZjf; 5, d]/f] lj1tf yf¿ efiffsf] zAbsf]zsf] lgdf{0fdf pkof]uL x'g]5 . cfhsf] o; ;fwf/0f ;efn] yf¿ efiff / ;flxTosf] If]qdf ljz]if sfd u/]sf, efiff ljifodf cWoog u/]sf, yf¿ ;+:s[ltdfly cWoog u/]sf lj1x¿sf] Ps ;fgf] ;d"x lgdf{0f ul/lbof] eg] To;n] o; hfltsf] ultnf] zAbsf]z agfpg ;dy{ x'g]5 .

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xf}nL kl/jf/sf] o; ;fwf/0f ;efdf af]nfO{ d]/f] dgsf s'/f eGg] cj;/ pknAw u/fpg'ePsfdf To; ;+:yfsf] sfo{;ldltsf ;b:ox?, ;fwf/0f ;efsf cGo cfof]hs tyf vf;u/L /fd;fu/ rf}w/LHo"nfO{ ljz]if wGojfb 5 . sfo{qmdsf] ;kmntfsf] z'esfdgfsf ;fy of] dGtJo cGTo ub{5' . ;fb/ wGojfb .

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